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Case Study
Sea2see: Seastainable vision

BARCELONA, JANUARY 2023. What started in 2016 as a humble entrepreneurial attempt to contribute to a more sustainable future had turned into a solid eyewear brand present in major Western markets. François van den Abeele was even more excited by the rapid development of the Sea2see Foundation, which he set up in Ghana. But success brought its ow…

Entrepreneurship Family Business General Management Global Business Marketing Sustainability
By Benoit F. Leleux and Thomas Brochier
Case reference: IMD-7-2564, © 2024
Sea2see: Seastainable vision
By Benoit F. Leleux and Thomas Brochier
Case reference: IMD-7-2564 ©2024
Summary
BARCELONA, JANUARY 2023. What started in 2016 as a humble entrepreneurial attempt to contribute to a more sustainable future had turned into a solid eyewear brand present in major Western markets. François van den Abeele was even more excited by the rapid development of the Sea2see Foundation, which he set up in Ghana. But success brought its own new questions and issues. From the start, he had relied on the superb craftmanship and dedication of an Italian frame manufacturer. Over time that relationship had turned into a mutual dependency: He was now one of its major clients but, reciprocally, had developed a key supplier risk. What if something happened to that relationship? Should he develop a broader set of suppliers and, if so, how could that be done without antagonizing a great working relationship? Recycling very much set the stage for the brand’s sustainability claims, but it also took massive amounts of time to manage. As other companies started to develop their own fishing net recycling supply chains, did it still make sense to invest so much time in the upstream phase or should he pour his energy into his beloved brand? Finally, maybe it was also time to revisit the growth/profitability dilemma and open up the capital to increase the speed of growth, all for the benefit of the environment as impact fed on scale.
Reference IMD-7-2564
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Sea2see
Industry Consumer Goods, Optical Products
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Sheng Siong Supermarket in Singapore: A unique values-based advantage?

Founded by Lim Hock Chee in 1985, Sheng Siong has evolved from a humble grocery store into a leading supermarket chain in Singapore, renowned for its cost-effective pricing and commitment to customer satisfaction. Mr Lim’s unique philosophy, which emphasizes self-cultivation, perseverance and positivity, has been instrumental in shaping Sheng Si…

Family Business Customer Centricity Leadership
By Marleen Dieleman, Yunfei Feng and Yu Jing Gan
Case reference: IMD-7-2589, © 2025
Sheng Siong Supermarket in Singapore: A unique values-based advantage?
By Marleen Dieleman Yunfei Feng and Yu Jing Gan
Case reference: IMD-7-2589 ©2025
Summary
Founded by Lim Hock Chee in 1985, Sheng Siong has evolved from a humble grocery store into a leading supermarket chain in Singapore, renowned for its cost-effective pricing and commitment to customer satisfaction. Mr Lim’s unique philosophy, which emphasizes self-cultivation, perseverance and positivity, has been instrumental in shaping Sheng Si…
Reference IMD-7-2589
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Sheng Siong Group
Industry Consumer Services, Retail
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Ragn-Sells: From company in crisis to circular sustainability champion

This case highlights Ragn-Sells’ remarkable journey from facing financial difficulties to establishing itself as a global authority on the circular economy and sustainability. In 2015, Pär Larshans joined the Swedish waste management company during a period of financial uncertainty, prompting a re-evaluation of its business strategy. Through a c…

Sustainability Family Business
By Florian Hoos and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-7-2567, © 2024
Ragn-Sells: From company in crisis to circular sustainability champion
By Florian Hoos and Valerie Keller-Birrer
Case reference: IMD-7-2567 ©2024
Summary
This case highlights Ragn-Sells’ remarkable journey from facing financial difficulties to establishing itself as a global authority on the circular economy and sustainability. In 2015, Pär Larshans joined the Swedish waste management company during a period of financial uncertainty, prompting a re-evaluation of its business strategy. Through a c…
Reference IMD-7-2567
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Ragn-Sells Group
Industry Utilities, Recycling
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Jubilee Enterprises of Thailand: Growing through insights

Unyarat Pornprakit (Unya) is the youthful chief executive officer of Jubilee Enterprise PLC, a diamond jewelry retailer. Since Unya became CEO in 2008, she has expanded the chain to 128 stores and grown the revenue to $400 million. She has managed to deliver record earnings for 12 straight years. Unya’s father began the process of professionaliz…

General Management Entrepreneurship Family Business
By Philip Charles Zerrillo and Goutam Challagalla
Case reference: IMD-7-2527, © 2024
Jubilee Enterprises of Thailand: Growing through insights
By Philip Charles Zerrillo and Goutam Challagalla
Case reference: IMD-7-2527 ©2024
Summary
Unyarat Pornprakit (Unya) is the youthful chief executive officer of Jubilee Enterprise PLC, a diamond jewelry retailer. Since Unya became CEO in 2008, she has expanded the chain to 128 stores and grown the revenue to $400 million. She has managed to deliver record earnings for 12 straight years. Unya’s father began the process of professionaliz…
Reference IMD-7-2527
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Jubilee Enterprises
Industry Consumer Goods, Luxury Goods and Jewelry
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Carvajal: Building a holistic family enterprise

The Carvajal case is based on interviews with four family members and executives of Carvajal S.A., one of Latin America’s leading family businesses. The case focuses on how, over the span of 120 years, the Carvajal family built a holistic family enterprise to govern both its business and its family ownership structure. The system includes the ty…

Family Business
By Peter Vogel and Anouk Lavoie Orlick
Case reference: IMD-7-2438, © 2024
Carvajal: Building a holistic family enterprise
By Peter Vogel and Anouk Lavoie Orlick
Case reference: IMD-7-2438 ©2024
Summary
The Carvajal case is based on interviews with four family members and executives of Carvajal S.A., one of Latin America’s leading family businesses. The case focuses on how, over the span of 120 years, the Carvajal family built a holistic family enterprise to govern both its business and its family ownership structure. The system includes the ty…
Reference IMD-7-2438
Copyright ©2024
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Carvajal
Industry Manufacturing, Paper and Pulp Products;Manufacturing, Packaging and Containers;Consumer Goods, Furniture;Information Technology
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Raya Holding: What is the holding really holding?

On 7 October 2020, the employees of Raya, an Egyptian holding company, received an email that sent shockwaves across the entire firm. The board had just announced that Medhat Khalil, Raya’s co-founder, primary shareholder and long-serving CEO, would be stepping down after 21 years, leaving the position to his son Ahmed Khalil, who was just under…

Family Business Strategy General Management
By Niccolò Pisani, Anel Alsenova, Amira El Ebrashy, Danila Rudenka and Reny Thomas
Case reference: IMD-7-2390, © 2023
Raya Holding: What is the holding really holding?
By Niccolò Pisani Anel Alsenova Amira El Ebrashy Danila Rudenka and Reny Thomas
Case reference: IMD-7-2390 ©2023
Summary
On 7 October 2020, the employees of Raya, an Egyptian holding company, received an email that sent shockwaves across the entire firm. The board had just announced that Medhat Khalil, Raya’s co-founder, primary shareholder and long-serving CEO, would be stepping down after 21 years, leaving the position to his son Ahmed Khalil, who was just under…
Reference IMD-7-2390
Copyright ©2023
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Raya Holding
Industry Finance and Insurance, Financial Services;Information Technology;Food Production;Consumer Goods, Home Appliances
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Grundfos (A): “Be, think, innovate”

Poul Due Jensen (PDJ), the son of a Danish workhouse manager, had seen first-hand how harsh life can be. He understood early on that he needed to stand on his own two feet. After being orphaned aged 17, he worked as a machine operator, but soon founded his own water technology company, Grundfos Holding A/S, in 1944. He responded to a customer’s …

Sustainability Family Business
Selected for the 2024 Schlesinger Global Family Enterprise Case Competition
By Peter Vogel and Colleen Lief
Case reference: IMD-7-2374, © 2023
Grundfos (A): “Be, think, innovate”
By Peter Vogel and Colleen Lief
Case reference: IMD-7-2374 ©2023
Summary
Poul Due Jensen (PDJ), the son of a Danish workhouse manager, had seen first-hand how harsh life can be. He understood early on that he needed to stand on his own two feet. After being orphaned aged 17, he worked as a machine operator, but soon founded his own water technology company, Grundfos Holding A/S, in 1944. He responded to a customer’s …
Selected for the 2024 Schlesinger Global Family Enterprise Case Competition
Reference IMD-7-2374
Copyright ©2023
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Grundfos
Industry Services, Water Supply and Sanitary Services
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Grundfos (B): “Solved in a better way”

Without much family discussion, PDJ put majority ownership of Grundfos into the Poul Due Jensen Foundation in 1975. His family would receive a 15% stake in the company. This ownership stake was important, since by Danish law, the company could be sold if family ownership fell below 10%. The 8-member foundation board would oversee the company’s l…

Sustainability Family Business
Selected for the 2024 Schlesinger Global Family Enterprise Case Competition
By Peter Vogel and Colleen Lief
Case reference: IMD-7-2375, © 2023
Grundfos (B): “Solved in a better way”
By Peter Vogel and Colleen Lief
Case reference: IMD-7-2375 ©2023
Summary
Without much family discussion, PDJ put majority ownership of Grundfos into the Poul Due Jensen Foundation in 1975. His family would receive a 15% stake in the company. This ownership stake was important, since by Danish law, the company could be sold if family ownership fell below 10%. The 8-member foundation board would oversee the company’s l…
Selected for the 2024 Schlesinger Global Family Enterprise Case Competition
Reference IMD-7-2375
Copyright ©2023
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Grundfos
Industry Services, Water Supply and Sanitary Services
Available Languages English
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Case Study
J.M. Huber Corporation: Testing the limits of resilience capabilities

As circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic continued to shift and evolve, J.M. Huber Corporation (Huber) remained focused on protecting its employees, maintaining business continuity, and on advancing its multi-year sustainability strategy. The efforts of Mike Marberry, the President & CEO, the Huber Management Council (HMC), the family sharehold…

Sustainability Diversity and Equity and Inclusion Family Business Resilience
By Sameh Abadir and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2412, © 2023
J.M. Huber Corporation: Testing the limits of resilience capabilities
By Sameh Abadir and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2412 ©2023
Summary
As circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic continued to shift and evolve, J.M. Huber Corporation (Huber) remained focused on protecting its employees, maintaining business continuity, and on advancing its multi-year sustainability strategy. The efforts of Mike Marberry, the President & CEO, the Huber Management Council (HMC), the family sharehold…
Reference IMD-7-2412
Copyright ©2023
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization J.M. Huber Corporation
Industry Manufacturing, Industrial Goods
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Maria Ahlström-Bondestam: Together everyone achieves more (Video case)

This case presents the unique approach to philanthropy of the Ahlström family. A group of 25 fifth-generation female Ahlström family members founded the Eva Ahlström foundation in 2010, in the name of the family matriarch Eva Ahlström (1848–1920), who was a big contributor to society in her time. This led to the establishment of the Ahlström Co…

Entrepreneurship Family Business Leadership Sustainability Diversity and Equity and Inclusion
By Peter Vogel and Malgorzata Smulowitz
Case reference: IMD-7-2414, © 2022
Maria Ahlström-Bondestam: Together everyone achieves more (Video case)
By Peter Vogel and Malgorzata Smulowitz
Case reference: IMD-7-2414 ©2022
Summary
This case presents the unique approach to philanthropy of the Ahlström family. A group of 25 fifth-generation female Ahlström family members founded the Eva Ahlström foundation in 2010, in the name of the family matriarch Eva Ahlström (1848–1920), who was a big contributor to society in her time. This led to the establishment of the Ahlström Co…
Reference IMD-7-2414
Copyright ©2022
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Ahlstrom-Munksjö
Industry Manufacturing, Technology;Services, Real Estate;Manufacturing, Forestry
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Firmenich: Juggling the short and the long term (Cartoon case)

Formatted like a comic-strip, this case showcases how Firmenich achieved resilience and strong sustainability commitments thanks to its family ownership. The case investigates how family ownership spanning across four generations and 125 years, has influenced the company’s core values and brought a long-term perspective to its strategy, which al…

Family Business Sustainability Strategy Diversity and Equity and Inclusion Resilience
By Sameh Abadir and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2308, © 2022
Firmenich: Juggling the short and the long term (Cartoon case)
By Sameh Abadir and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2308 ©2022
Summary
Formatted like a comic-strip, this case showcases how Firmenich achieved resilience and strong sustainability commitments thanks to its family ownership. The case investigates how family ownership spanning across four generations and 125 years, has influenced the company’s core values and brought a long-term perspective to its strategy, which al…
Reference IMD-7-2308
Copyright ©2022
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Firmenich
Industry Consumer Goods, Cosmetics and Perfumes;Consumer Goods, Food and Beverage
Available Languages English
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Case Study
The VELUX Group: The path to lifetime carbon neutrality

The case explores how the family-owned VELUX Group – inventor and manufacturer of roof windows since 1941 – took incorporating sustainability in its business operations to heart, leading to its pledge to become lifetime carbon neutral by its centenary in 2041. In its early days and at the behest of its founder, the VELUX Group adopted its “Mod…

Sustainability Family Business Strategy
By Sameh Abadir and Marc Chauvet
Case reference: IMD-7-2367, © 2022
The VELUX Group: The path to lifetime carbon neutrality
By Sameh Abadir and Marc Chauvet
Case reference: IMD-7-2367 ©2022
Summary
The case explores how the family-owned VELUX Group – inventor and manufacturer of roof windows since 1941 – took incorporating sustainability in its business operations to heart, leading to its pledge to become lifetime carbon neutral by its centenary in 2041. In its early days and at the behest of its founder, the VELUX Group adopted its “Model Company Objective (MCO),” a charter for how the business should be run. The case illustrates how the MCO set the company on a course toward sustainable operations, allowing it to spearhead such efforts in an industry often reluctant to engage with the topic.
Reference IMD-7-2367
Copyright ©2022
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization VELUX
Industry Manufacturing
Available Languages English
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Case Study
J.M. Huber Corporation: Leadership succession in the face of two economic crises

J.M. Huber, one of the largest and oldest family-held companies in the US, had strategically repositioned itself several times since it was founded in 1883 as a dry-color business. Visionary family leaders and a committed senior management team had transformed the group into an international player with operations in more than 20 countries and a…

Family Business Corporate Governance Sustainability Crisis Management
By Sameh Abadir and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2133, © 2022
J.M. Huber Corporation: Leadership succession in the face of two economic crises
By Sameh Abadir and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2133 ©2022
Summary
J.M. Huber, one of the largest and oldest family-held companies in the US, had strategically repositioned itself several times since it was founded in 1883 as a dry-color business. Visionary family leaders and a committed senior management team had transformed the group into an international player with operations in more than 20 countries and a…
Reference IMD-7-2133
Copyright ©2022
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization J.M. Huber Corporation
Industry Manufacturing, Industrial Goods
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Dachser (B): Putting intelligent logistics to the test

This brief B case dives into how the governance model withstood the COVID-19 crisis.

Family Business Sustainability Supply Chain Strategy Operations
By Benoit F. Leleux and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2314, © 2022
Case Study
Dachser (A): Intelligent logistics

The case, based on extensive interviews with top executives and two generations of Dachser family owners, documents the genesis and spectacular growth of the global logistics specialist, a group that now has close to 400 locations on all five continents and employs 30,000+ people. Despite its global footprint, Dachser stayed loyal to both its co…

Family Business Sustainability Supply Chain Strategy Operations
Selected for the 2023 Schlesinger Global Family Enterprise Case Competition
By Benoit F. Leleux and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2313, © 2022
Dachser (A): Intelligent logistics
By Benoit F. Leleux and Marta Widz
Case reference: IMD-7-2313 ©2022
Summary
The case, based on extensive interviews with top executives and two generations of Dachser family owners, documents the genesis and spectacular growth of the global logistics specialist, a group that now has close to 400 locations on all five continents and employs 30,000+ people. Despite its global footprint, Dachser stayed loyal to both its co…
Selected for the 2023 Schlesinger Global Family Enterprise Case Competition
Reference IMD-7-2313
Copyright ©2022
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Dachser
Industry Logistics and Supply Chain
Available Languages English
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