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Book
The Confidence Myth: How Women Leaders can Break Free from Gendered Perceptions
Latest awards & honors
More awards & honors
Article
Stop running so many AI pilots

In late 2023, when the management team at the consumer packaged goods company Reckitt considered adopting gen AI, potential use cases spanned the business—from drafting presentations to delivering customer support to optimizing procurement contracts. Many of the use cases guaranteed time savings and an immediate return on investment, but they ap…

Artificial Intelligence Strategy
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Artificial Intelligence, updated and expanded
By Goutam Challagalla, Mahwesh Khan and Fabrice Beaulieu
in Harvard Business Review
November-December 2025, vol. 103, issue 6, pp. 90-99
Stop running so many AI pilots
By Goutam Challagalla Mahwesh Khan and Fabrice Beaulieu
in Harvard Business Review November-December 2025, vol. 103, issue 6, pp. 90-99
Summary
In late 2023, when the management team at the consumer packaged goods company Reckitt considered adopting gen AI, potential use cases spanned the business—from drafting presentations to delivering customer support to optimizing procurement contracts. Many of the use cases guaranteed time savings and an immediate return on investment, but they ap…
Selected for HBR’s 10 Must Reads on Artificial Intelligence, updated and expanded
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Case Study
Nespresso: Strategy reset for growth: The youth market

Nespresso, the global leading brand in portioned coffee, is facing an existential threat. The company’s current market base, which consists primarily of aging consumers, is likely to decline in the medium to long term. To compensate for the certain shortfall, the company needs to attract young coffee drinkers among Millennials and Generation Z, …

Marketing Strategy Sustainability
The Case Centre Awards and Competitions Winner 2025 – Overall Award
Best-selling Case Study
By Kamran Kashani and Goutam Challagalla
Case reference: IMD-7-2479, © 2023
Nespresso: Strategy reset for growth: The youth market
By Kamran Kashani and Goutam Challagalla
Case reference: IMD-7-2479 ©2023
Summary
Nespresso, the global leading brand in portioned coffee, is facing an existential threat. The company’s current market base, which consists primarily of aging consumers, is likely to decline in the medium to long term. To compensate for the certain shortfall, the company needs to attract young coffee drinkers among Millennials and Generation Z, …
The Case Centre Awards and Competitions Winner 2025 – Overall Award
Best-selling Case Study
Reference IMD-7-2479
Copyright ©2023
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Nespresso
Industry Consumer Goods, Coffee
Available Languages English
Contact

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Case Study
Adidas Russia/CIS and the Russian crisis: Retrench or double down (A)

The case series is based on extensive interviews with key executives at adidas Russia/CIS in charge of implementing the radical IT, supply chain and omnichannel initiatives that transformed adidas Russia/CIS from one of the poorest performers to the new standard within the Group. The initiatives included pioneering the rollout and implementation…

Operations
2016 EFMD AWARD WINNER (Supply Chain Management)
Best-selling Case Study
By Carlos Cordon, Benoit F. Leleux and Beverley Lennox
Case reference: IMD-7-1795, © 2016
Adidas Russia/CIS and the Russian crisis: Retrench or double down (A)
By Carlos Cordon Benoit F. Leleux and Beverley Lennox
Case reference: IMD-7-1795 ©2016
Summary
The case series is based on extensive interviews with key executives at adidas Russia/CIS in charge of implementing the radical IT, supply chain and omnichannel initiatives that transformed adidas Russia/CIS from one of the poorest performers to the new standard within the Group. The initiatives included pioneering the rollout and implementation…
2016 EFMD AWARD WINNER (Supply Chain Management)
Best-selling Case Study
Reference IMD-7-1795
Copyright ©2016
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Adidas
Industry Manufacturing;Consumer Services, Retail;Consumer Goods, Sports Equipment
Available Languages English
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Case Study
GE Healthcare India (B): The product innovation journey

This three-part case series examines the marketing challenge encountered by a leading medical technology manufacturer, General Electric (GE) Healthcare – a division of General Electric Company – in India. It follows the development of Lullaby Warmer Prime, an infant warmer that was designed, manufactured and commercialized by the Maternal Infant…

Marketing
2016 THE CASE CENTRE AWARD WINNER (Outstanding Case Writer: Hot Topic Competition)
Best-selling Case Study
By Wolfgang Ulaga and Athanasios Kondis
Case reference: IMD-5-0801, © 2014
GE Healthcare India (B): The product innovation journey
By Wolfgang Ulaga and Athanasios Kondis
Case reference: IMD-5-0801 ©2014
Summary
This three-part case series examines the marketing challenge encountered by a leading medical technology manufacturer, General Electric (GE) Healthcare – a division of General Electric Company – in India. It follows the development of Lullaby Warmer Prime, an infant warmer that was designed, manufactured and commercialized by the Maternal Infant…
2016 THE CASE CENTRE AWARD WINNER (Outstanding Case Writer: Hot Topic Competition)
Best-selling Case Study
Reference IMD-5-0801
Copyright ©2014
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization GE Healthcare
Industry Healthcare, Medical Equipment;Healthcare
Available Languages English
Contact

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Book
SuperEurope: The unexpected hero of the 21st century

This book is a vindication of Europe. It challenges the view of Europe as a tired, overregulated continent, arguing instead that Europe has emerged from decades of crisis—financial turmoil, Brexit, COVID-19, war in Ukraine—as a resilient, reformed, and quietly successful model of governance and society. While the world often focuses on the rival…

Geopolitics Competitiveness Global Business
Axiom Business Book Awards – International business category – silver medal
By Arturo Bris
Published by Independently published, © 2025
SuperEurope: The unexpected hero of the 21st century
By Arturo Bris
Published by Independently published ©2025
Summary
This book is a vindication of Europe. It challenges the view of Europe as a tired, overregulated continent, arguing instead that Europe has emerged from decades of crisis—financial turmoil, Brexit, COVID-19, war in Ukraine—as a resilient, reformed, and quietly successful model of governance and society. While the world often focuses on the rival…
Axiom Business Book Awards – International business category – silver medal
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
Contact

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Book
The AI-centered enterprise

The explosion of generative AI has sparked a wave of case studies showing how quickly and profoundly it is transforming businesses. Yet most of these use cases still apply the technology to enhancing existing systems. This book makes the case for why business leaders must revisit the fundamentals of generative AI and look beyond short-term, tact…

Artificial Intelligence Innovation
Axiom Business Book Awards 2026 – Emerging trends / AI category – silver medal
By Natarajan Balasubramanian, Ram Bala and Amit M. Joshi
Published by CRC Press, © 2025
The AI-centered enterprise
By Natarajan Balasubramanian Ram Bala and Amit M. Joshi
Published by CRC Press ©2025
Summary
The explosion of generative AI has sparked a wave of case studies showing how quickly and profoundly it is transforming businesses. Yet most of these use cases still apply the technology to enhancing existing systems. This book makes the case for why business leaders must revisit the fundamentals of generative AI and look beyond short-term, tact…
Axiom Business Book Awards 2026 – Emerging trends / AI category – silver medal
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Academic publications
More academic publications
Article
US poison pills and the limits of dual engagement by its trading partners

Recent US-Cambodia and US-Malaysia trade agreements include ‘poison pills’ echoing an earlier precedent, United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). For trading partners navigating intensifying US-China geopolitical rivalry, these provisions complicate hedging strategies. In practice, the bite of these provisions may be less than their formal…

Geopolitics
By Simon J. Evenett
in Journal of World Trade
April 2026, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 189-212, https://doi.org/10.54648/trad2026008
US poison pills and the limits of dual engagement by its trading partners
By Simon J. Evenett
in Journal of World Trade April 2026, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 189-212, https://doi.org/10.54648/trad2026008
Summary
Recent US-Cambodia and US-Malaysia trade agreements include ‘poison pills’ echoing an earlier precedent, United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). For trading partners navigating intensifying US-China geopolitical rivalry, these provisions complicate hedging strategies. In practice, the bite of these provisions may be less than their formal…
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Article
Cultivating social entrepreneurs: Shaping self-evaluations for positive social change in impact careers

How do individuals evaluate their capacity to contribute to positive social change when choosing careers? Drawing on construal level and prosocial motivation theories, we examine how contact with social issues and potential beneficiaries shapes individuals’ self-evaluations, and how these self-evaluations influence their social entrepreneurial a…

Social Innovation Entrepreneurship
By Elisa Alt, Ute Stephan and Sophie Bacq
in Journal of Small Business Management
20 March 2026, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2026.2640363
Cultivating social entrepreneurs: Shaping self-evaluations for positive social change in impact careers
By Elisa Alt Ute Stephan and Sophie Bacq
in Journal of Small Business Management 20 March 2026, ePub before print, https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2026.2640363
Summary
How do individuals evaluate their capacity to contribute to positive social change when choosing careers? Drawing on construal level and prosocial motivation theories, we examine how contact with social issues and potential beneficiaries shapes individuals’ self-evaluations, and how these self-evaluations influence their social entrepreneurial a…
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Article
Is Cain more able? A behavioral perspective on the relationship between family CEO birth order and family firms’ CSR

We investigate family CEO birth order as an antecedent of family firms’ CSR behavior. Despite psychology literature recognizing it as a key predictor of individual behavior, birth order has been largely neglected in management research. Drawing on behavioral economics and evolutionary psychology—specifically, the Family Niche Model—we identify e…

Family Business Social Innovation Leadership
By Paola Rovelli, Michael Razen, Carlotta Benedetti, Nina Schweiger, Alfredo De Massis and Kurt Matzler
in Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal
March 2026, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 49-78, https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1530
Is Cain more able? A behavioral perspective on the relationship between family CEO birth order and family firms’ CSR
By Paola Rovelli Michael Razen Carlotta Benedetti Nina Schweiger Alfredo De Massis and Kurt Matzler
in Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal March 2026, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 49-78, https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1530
Summary
We investigate family CEO birth order as an antecedent of family firms’ CSR behavior. Despite psychology literature recognizing it as a key predictor of individual behavior, birth order has been largely neglected in management research. Drawing on behavioral economics and evolutionary psychology—specifically, the Family Niche Model—we identify e…
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Article
Non-family managers and innovation in family firms: A meta-analysis

Non-family managers play a crucial role in fostering innovation within family firms, yet their impact remains debated due to inconsistent research findings and a lack of comprehensive synthesis. This study integrates this effect through a meta-analysis of 213 effect sizes from 101 studies. The results demonstrate a positive influence of non-fami…

Family Business Innovation
By Qiuyue Lyu, Junsheng Dou, Hanqing Fang and Alfredo De Massis
in Family Business Review
March 2026, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 40-62, https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865251393043
Non-family managers and innovation in family firms: A meta-analysis
By Qiuyue Lyu Junsheng Dou Hanqing Fang and Alfredo De Massis
in Family Business Review March 2026, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 40-62, https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865251393043
Summary
Non-family managers play a crucial role in fostering innovation within family firms, yet their impact remains debated due to inconsistent research findings and a lack of comprehensive synthesis. This study integrates this effect through a meta-analysis of 213 effect sizes from 101 studies. The results demonstrate a positive influence of non-fami…
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Article
The high cost of cheap talk: How disingenuous ethical language can reflect agency costs

Does the use of a certain type of ethical language indicate that managers are failing to behave in a socially responsible manner? Managers are increasingly using language related to ethics, values, and corporate purpose in their communications with stakeholders. However, while economic models argue that “talk is cheap,” we predict that some ethi…

Business Ethics Communication Corporate Governance
By Stephen Smulowitz, Michael D. Pfarrer, Didier Cossin and Abraham Hongze Lu
in Journal of Management
March 2026, vol, 52, no. 3, pp. 1217 – 1254 https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063241305037
The high cost of cheap talk: How disingenuous ethical language can reflect agency costs
By Stephen Smulowitz Michael D. Pfarrer Didier Cossin and Abraham Hongze Lu
in Journal of Management March 2026, vol, 52, no. 3, pp. 1217 – 1254 https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063241305037
Summary
Does the use of a certain type of ethical language indicate that managers are failing to behave in a socially responsible manner? Managers are increasingly using language related to ethics, values, and corporate purpose in their communications with stakeholders. However, while economic models argue that “talk is cheap,” we predict that some ethi…
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Article
Customer centricity: Digital and leadership to the rescue

Why is there such a disconnect between customer centricity as a concept and its actual application by firms? Spanning all business model dimensions, our research points to three traps that cause organizations to lose focus on customers over time: product focalization, rigid organizational boundaries, and a fixed-pie mindset. While these traps ar…

Customer Centricity Global Business
By Frédéric Dalsace, Didier Bonnet and Katharina Lange
in Business Horizons
March-April 2026, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 217-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2025.02.011
Customer centricity: Digital and leadership to the rescue
By Frédéric Dalsace Didier Bonnet and Katharina Lange
in Business Horizons March-April 2026, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 217-227, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2025.02.011
Summary
Why is there such a disconnect between customer centricity as a concept and its actual application by firms? Spanning all business model dimensions, our research points to three traps that cause organizations to lose focus on customers over time: product focalization, rigid organizational boundaries, and a fixed-pie mindset. While these traps ar…
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Case studies
More case studies
Case Study
‘Big Fix’ at Starbucks: Will customers come back? The new CEO’s first year

In September 2024, Starbucks’ then-CEO was abruptly fired after 17 months in the role; the decision followed three quarterly drops in consumer traffic and declining operating revenues. The board then turned to Brian Niccol, a veteran fast-food company executive. Niccol was deemed highly qualified due to his turnaround of two fast-food chains, Ch…

Strategy Marketing Leadership
By Kamran Kashani and Nancy Lane
Case reference: IMD-2687, © 2026
‘Big Fix’ at Starbucks: Will customers come back? The new CEO’s first year
By Kamran Kashani and Nancy Lane
Case reference: IMD-2687 ©2026
Summary
In September 2024, Starbucks’ then-CEO was abruptly fired after 17 months in the role; the decision followed three quarterly drops in consumer traffic and declining operating revenues. The board then turned to Brian Niccol, a veteran fast-food company executive. Niccol was deemed highly qualified due to his turnaround of two fast-food chains, Ch…
Reference IMD-2687
Copyright ©2026
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Starbucks
Industry Consumer Goods, Coffee
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Rustomjee Group: Positioning for a new market segment (B) (Paper version)

Founded in 1996, Rustomjee Group real estate developers has developed into a notable player and a well-known brand in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). The case examines two flagship concepts – “Childhoods Available” and “My Spaces” – and sheds light on how Rustomjee Group has managed to achieve differentiation while catering to two distinct…

Marketing
By Goutam Challagalla and Athanasios Kondis
Case reference: IMD-7-1831-P, © 2016
Rustomjee Group: Positioning for a new market segment (B) (Paper version)
By Goutam Challagalla and Athanasios Kondis
Case reference: IMD-7-1831-P ©2016
Summary
Founded in 1996, Rustomjee Group real estate developers has developed into a notable player and a well-known brand in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). The case examines two flagship concepts – “Childhoods Available” and “My Spaces” – and sheds light on how Rustomjee Group has managed to achieve differentiation while catering to two distinct…
Reference IMD-7-1831-P
Copyright ©2016
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Rustomjee Group
Industry Services, Real Estate;Construction and Engineering
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Rustomjee Group: Positioning for a new market segment (A) (Paper version)

Founded in 1996, Rustomjee Group real estate developers has developed into a notable player and a well-known brand in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). The case examines two flagship concepts – “Childhoods Available” and “My Spaces” – and sheds light on how Rustomjee Group has managed to achieve differentiation while catering to two distinct…

Marketing
By Goutam Challagalla and Athanasios Kondis
Case reference: IMD-7-1830-P, © 2016
Rustomjee Group: Positioning for a new market segment (A) (Paper version)
By Goutam Challagalla and Athanasios Kondis
Case reference: IMD-7-1830-P ©2016
Summary
Founded in 1996, Rustomjee Group real estate developers has developed into a notable player and a well-known brand in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). The case examines two flagship concepts – “Childhoods Available” and “My Spaces” – and sheds light on how Rustomjee Group has managed to achieve differentiation while catering to two distinct…
Reference IMD-7-1830-P
Copyright ©2016
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Rustomjee Group
Industry Services, Real Estate;Construction and Engineering
Available Languages English
Contact

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Case Study
Hong Kong Broadband Network: An integrated approach to talent management (Paper version)

Hong Kong Broadband Network (HKBN) charted a success story starting out as the smallest new entrant in Hong Kong’s highly competitive telecom industry in 1999 and went on to become the second largest provider of residential broadband within 10 years. State-of-the-art fiber network infrastructure allowed HKBN to offer high-quality high-speed tele…

Strategy
By Shlomo Ben-Hur and Ivy Buche
Case reference: IMD-7-1673-P, © 2016
Hong Kong Broadband Network: An integrated approach to talent management (Paper version)
By Shlomo Ben-Hur and Ivy Buche
Case reference: IMD-7-1673-P ©2016
Summary
Hong Kong Broadband Network (HKBN) charted a success story starting out as the smallest new entrant in Hong Kong’s highly competitive telecom industry in 1999 and went on to become the second largest provider of residential broadband within 10 years. State-of-the-art fiber network infrastructure allowed HKBN to offer high-quality high-speed tele…
Reference IMD-7-1673-P
Copyright ©2016
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Organization Hong Kong Broadband Network
Industry Services, Telecommunications
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Understanding and managing your leadership modes

This technical note introduces a framework for understanding why effective leaders sometimes act in ways that undermine their own goals. Moving beyond traditional style models that treat leaders as relatively consistent, the note presents ‘leadership modes’ – coherent states defined by configurations of Affects, Behaviors, Cognitions and Desires…

Leadership Human Resources Decision Making
By Michael D. Watkins
Case reference: IMD-2750, © 2026
Understanding and managing your leadership modes
By Michael D. Watkins
Case reference: IMD-2750 ©2026
Summary
This technical note introduces a framework for understanding why effective leaders sometimes act in ways that undermine their own goals. Moving beyond traditional style models that treat leaders as relatively consistent, the note presents ‘leadership modes’ – coherent states defined by configurations of Affects, Behaviors, Cognitions and Desires…
Reference IMD-2750
Copyright ©2026
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Available Languages English
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Case Study
Flywheel Portfolio Framework: A strategic method for managing core business dynamics

This technical note presents the Flywheel Portfolio Framework, a systematic approach for diagnosing and managing the reinforcing cycles that drive organizational performance. Building on Jim Collins’s flywheel concept from Good to Great, the framework extends beyond single-flywheel models to address the reality that businesses operate through mu…

Strategy Organizational Learning Decision Making Leadership
By Michael D. Watkins
Case reference: IMD-2743, © 2026
Flywheel Portfolio Framework: A strategic method for managing core business dynamics
By Michael D. Watkins
Case reference: IMD-2743 ©2026
Summary
This technical note presents the Flywheel Portfolio Framework, a systematic approach for diagnosing and managing the reinforcing cycles that drive organizational performance. Building on Jim Collins’s flywheel concept from Good to Great, the framework extends beyond single-flywheel models to address the reality that businesses operate through mu…
Reference IMD-2743
Copyright ©2026
Copyright owner IMD Copyright
Available Languages English
Contact

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Knowledge Hub – I by IMD
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Article
Adam Smith and the miracle of your caffè latte

First published 250 years ago, The Wealth of Nations remains a cornerstone of economic thought. Adam Smith’s treatise on free trade is still highly relevant for today’s fracturing global economy, argues Stefan Michel

Economics
By Stefan Michel
in I by IMD Magazine
March 2026, no. 21, pp. 64-67
Adam Smith and the miracle of your caffè latte
By Stefan Michel
in I by IMD Magazine March 2026, no. 21, pp. 64-67
Summary
First published 250 years ago, The Wealth of Nations remains a cornerstone of economic thought. Adam Smith’s treatise on free trade is still highly relevant for today’s fracturing global economy, argues Stefan Michel
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Article
Driving high performance is about more than the need for speed

Once in pole position on the grid, Atlassian Williams F1 Team is rebuilding its competitive advantage. In conversation with Susan Goldsworthy, the company’s Chief Human Resources Officer, Ann Perrins, explains how people

Performance Management
By Susan Goldsworthy
in I by IMD Magazine
March 2026, no. 21, pp. 44-49
Driving high performance is about more than the need for speed
By Susan Goldsworthy
in I by IMD Magazine March 2026, no. 21, pp. 44-49
Summary
Once in pole position on the grid, Atlassian Williams F1 Team is rebuilding its competitive advantage. In conversation with Susan Goldsworthy, the company’s Chief Human Resources Officer, Ann Perrins, explains how people
Contact

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Article
P.S. President’s soliloquy: Learning how to lead under extreme uncertainty

A few weeks ago, we convened over 60 CEOs and senior board members in Lausanne for IMD’s annual CEO Roundtable. It’s a rare opportunity for CEOs to compare notes and an opportunity for us to get a sense of what is on the minds of leading CEOs. This year’s topic was leading under extreme uncertainty. Guided by IMD faculty, CEOs dissected the impl…

Leadership Crisis Management
By David Bach
in I by IMD Magazine
December 2025, no. 20, p. 80
P.S. President’s soliloquy: Learning how to lead under extreme uncertainty
By David Bach
in I by IMD Magazine December 2025, no. 20, p. 80
Summary
A few weeks ago, we convened over 60 CEOs and senior board members in Lausanne for IMD’s annual CEO Roundtable. It’s a rare opportunity for CEOs to compare notes and an opportunity for us to get a sense of what is on the minds of leading CEOs. This year’s topic was leading under extreme uncertainty. Guided by IMD faculty, CEOs dissected the impl…
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Article
The final word [Marguerite Soeteman-Reijnen]

Marguerite Soeteman-Reijnen, a board member at MN Services and Siemens NL, reveals what motivates and inspires her in our quickfire round of questions.

Leadership Purpose
By Marguerite Soeteman-Reijnen
in I by IMD Magazine
December 2025, no. 20, pp. 78-79
The final word [Marguerite Soeteman-Reijnen]
By Marguerite Soeteman-Reijnen
in I by IMD Magazine December 2025, no. 20, pp. 78-79
Summary
Marguerite Soeteman-Reijnen, a board member at MN Services and Siemens NL, reveals what motivates and inspires her in our quickfire round of questions.
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Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Article
Creating a smoke-free future: How PMI is stubbing out cigarettes

Philip Morris International CEO Jacek Olczak discusses the triumphs and challenges of a bold business transformation with Jean-François Manzoni.

Business Transformation Strategy
By Jean-François Manzoni
in I by IMD Magazine
December 2025, no. 20, pp. 58–60
Creating a smoke-free future: How PMI is stubbing out cigarettes
By Jean-François Manzoni
in I by IMD Magazine December 2025, no. 20, pp. 58–60
Summary
Philip Morris International CEO Jacek Olczak discusses the triumphs and challenges of a bold business transformation with Jean-François Manzoni.
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Article
The age of green power is coming

The global energy transition is no longer an abstract promise but is unfolding at unprecedented speed, signaling a structural shift in how the world generates power. While renewables now get twice as much investment as fossil fuels, critical minerals refining remains dominated by China while AI is reshaping demand growth.

Sustainability
By I by IMD
in I by IMD Magazine
December 2025, no. 20, pp. 56-57
The age of green power is coming
By I by IMD
in I by IMD Magazine December 2025, no. 20, pp. 56-57
Summary
The global energy transition is no longer an abstract promise but is unfolding at unprecedented speed, signaling a structural shift in how the world generates power. While renewables now get twice as much investment as fossil fuels, critical minerals refining remains dominated by China while AI is reshaping demand growth.
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Insights for practitioners
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Article
The rise of venture capital secondaries

For decades, venture capital operated on a predictable timeline: invest early, build companies over a ten to twelve-year fund lifecycle, and return capital to limited partners through IPO or acquisition. That model has come under sustained pressure. In the United States, over 40% of active unicorns raised their first venture round more than a de…

Venture Capital
By Jim Pulcrano
in Reference Capital Insights
31 March 2026
The rise of venture capital secondaries
By Jim Pulcrano
in Reference Capital Insights 31 March 2026
Summary
For decades, venture capital operated on a predictable timeline: invest early, build companies over a ten to twelve-year fund lifecycle, and return capital to limited partners through IPO or acquisition. That model has come under sustained pressure. In the United States, over 40% of active unicorns raised their first venture round more than a de…
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Article
Leaders feel their agency eroding—and they’re starting to withdraw

“I am done. I feel like staying in bed until the next holiday” a leader said to me last month, slumping into his chair at the end of a long meeting. “And it pains me, because my example is needed more than ever.” Over the past year, I have heard variations of this sentiment from dozens of public and private sector leaders across industries and g…

Leadership Decision Making Organizational Behavior
By Merete Wedell-Wedellsborg
in HBR.org
23 March 2026
Leaders feel their agency eroding—and they’re starting to withdraw
By Merete Wedell-Wedellsborg
in HBR.org 23 March 2026
Summary
“I am done. I feel like staying in bed until the next holiday” a leader said to me last month, slumping into his chair at the end of a long meeting. “And it pains me, because my example is needed more than ever.” Over the past year, I have heard variations of this sentiment from dozens of public and private sector leaders across industries and g…
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Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Article
The exemption illusion: Why European SMEs still need sustainability data post-omnibus

European SMEs’ relief following the adoption of the EU’s Omnibus package may be misplaced. While their direct sustainability reporting obligations narrow, indirect obligations, contractual requirements, and greenwashing risks intensify. The truth is that there remain pressing reasons for SMEs to build sustainability data infrastructure, and do i…

Sustainability
By Rebecca Elliott Carballo, Florian Hoos, Giulia Neri-Castracane and Sara Ratti
in The European Business Review
18 March 2026
The exemption illusion: Why European SMEs still need sustainability data post-omnibus
By Rebecca Elliott Carballo Florian Hoos Giulia Neri-Castracane and Sara Ratti
in The European Business Review 18 March 2026
Summary
European SMEs’ relief following the adoption of the EU’s Omnibus package may be misplaced. While their direct sustainability reporting obligations narrow, indirect obligations, contractual requirements, and greenwashing risks intensify. The truth is that there remain pressing reasons for SMEs to build sustainability data infrastructure, and do i…
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Article
When Singapore-based firms clash with Chinese regulators

When fast-fashion giant Shein moved its headquarters to Singapore in 2022, the shift was widely seen as an attempt to distance the company from rising US-China tensions. The group presented itself as Singapore-based as it prepared for stock market listings in New York and later London. But those plans stalled after it failed to secure approval f…

Global Business Artificial Intelligence
By Michael R. Wade
in The Straits Times
13 March 2026
When Singapore-based firms clash with Chinese regulators
By Michael R. Wade
in The Straits Times 13 March 2026
Summary
When fast-fashion giant Shein moved its headquarters to Singapore in 2022, the shift was widely seen as an attempt to distance the company from rising US-China tensions. The group presented itself as Singapore-based as it prepared for stock market listings in New York and later London. But those plans stalled after it failed to secure approval f…
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Article
Adam Smith and the miracle of your caffè latte

First published 250 years ago, The Wealth of Nations remains a cornerstone of economic thought. Adam Smith’s treatise on free trade is still highly relevant for today’s fracturing global economy, argues Stefan Michel

Economics
By Stefan Michel
in I by IMD Magazine
March 2026, no. 21, pp. 64-67
Adam Smith and the miracle of your caffè latte
By Stefan Michel
in I by IMD Magazine March 2026, no. 21, pp. 64-67
Summary
First published 250 years ago, The Wealth of Nations remains a cornerstone of economic thought. Adam Smith’s treatise on free trade is still highly relevant for today’s fracturing global economy, argues Stefan Michel
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Article
Driving high performance is about more than the need for speed

Once in pole position on the grid, Atlassian Williams F1 Team is rebuilding its competitive advantage. In conversation with Susan Goldsworthy, the company’s Chief Human Resources Officer, Ann Perrins, explains how people

Performance Management
By Susan Goldsworthy
in I by IMD Magazine
March 2026, no. 21, pp. 44-49
Driving high performance is about more than the need for speed
By Susan Goldsworthy
in I by IMD Magazine March 2026, no. 21, pp. 44-49
Summary
Once in pole position on the grid, Atlassian Williams F1 Team is rebuilding its competitive advantage. In conversation with Susan Goldsworthy, the company’s Chief Human Resources Officer, Ann Perrins, explains how people
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Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Book
Clean winners: Sustainability strategy that puts customers first

Despite massive investments, sustainable business still isn’t very profitable for most companies. Here’s a fresh approach for resetting sustainability for customer value—and profitability. Store aisles packed with products labelled “environmentally friendly.” Businesses scrambling to respond to stakeholder demands that they make their operations…

Sustainability Strategy
By Goutam Challagalla and Frédéric Dalsace
Published by Harvard Business Review Press, © 2026
Clean winners: Sustainability strategy that puts customers first
By Goutam Challagalla and Frédéric Dalsace
Published by Harvard Business Review Press ©2026
Summary
Despite massive investments, sustainable business still isn’t very profitable for most companies. Here’s a fresh approach for resetting sustainability for customer value—and profitability. Store aisles packed with products labelled “environmentally friendly.” Businesses scrambling to respond to stakeholder demands that they make their operations…
Copyright ©2026
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Book
The smart city playbook: Lessons from urban pioneers

When the world’s cities compete for talent, innovation, and investment, intelligence—not size—determines who wins. The Smart City Playbook is a fascinating journey into the front lines of urban transformation, written by Arturo Bris, one of the world’s foremost experts on competitiveness and Director of the IMD World Competitiveness Center in La…

Competitiveness Innovation Technology Management
By Arturo Bris
Published by Independently published, © 2025
The smart city playbook: Lessons from urban pioneers
By Arturo Bris
Published by Independently published ©2025
Summary
When the world’s cities compete for talent, innovation, and investment, intelligence—not size—determines who wins. The Smart City Playbook is a fascinating journey into the front lines of urban transformation, written by Arturo Bris, one of the world’s foremost experts on competitiveness and Director of the IMD World Competitiveness Center in La…
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Book
World competitiveness: Rewriting the rules of global prosperity

In World Competitiveness: Rewriting the Rules of Global Prosperity, Stephane Garelli, a world-renowned professor who has pioneered this concept, explains what World Competitiveness means and implies, and why it has become such a strategic priority for governments and businesses worldwide. World Competitiveness gained prominence during the four d…

Competitiveness
By Stéphane Garelli
Published by Wiley, © 2025
World competitiveness: Rewriting the rules of global prosperity
By Stéphane Garelli
Published by Wiley ©2025
Summary
In World Competitiveness: Rewriting the Rules of Global Prosperity, Stephane Garelli, a world-renowned professor who has pioneered this concept, explains what World Competitiveness means and implies, and why it has become such a strategic priority for governments and businesses worldwide. World Competitiveness gained prominence during the four d…
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Book
The confidence myth: How women leaders can break free from gendered perceptions

As more women take up corporate leadership positions, the idea that they lack confidence no longer holds up. And yet, as old stereotypes are challenged by new realities, some crucial misconceptions remain. Do women really lack confidence? Or are we more prone to think that others have less confidence in our abilities? Based on years of research …

Leadership Diversity and Equity and Inclusion
By Ginka Toegel
Published by Palgrave Macmillan, © 2025
The confidence myth: How women leaders can break free from gendered perceptions
By Ginka Toegel
Published by Palgrave Macmillan ©2025
Summary
As more women take up corporate leadership positions, the idea that they lack confidence no longer holds up. And yet, as old stereotypes are challenged by new realities, some crucial misconceptions remain. Do women really lack confidence? Or are we more prone to think that others have less confidence in our abilities? Based on years of research …
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Book
SuperEurope: The unexpected hero of the 21st century

This book is a vindication of Europe. It challenges the view of Europe as a tired, overregulated continent, arguing instead that Europe has emerged from decades of crisis—financial turmoil, Brexit, COVID-19, war in Ukraine—as a resilient, reformed, and quietly successful model of governance and society. While the world often focuses on the rival…

Geopolitics Competitiveness Global Business
Axiom Business Book Awards – International business category – silver medal
By Arturo Bris
Published by Independently published, © 2025
SuperEurope: The unexpected hero of the 21st century
By Arturo Bris
Published by Independently published ©2025
Summary
This book is a vindication of Europe. It challenges the view of Europe as a tired, overregulated continent, arguing instead that Europe has emerged from decades of crisis—financial turmoil, Brexit, COVID-19, war in Ukraine—as a resilient, reformed, and quietly successful model of governance and society. While the world often focuses on the rival…
Axiom Business Book Awards – International business category – silver medal
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
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Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications

Book
The AI-centered enterprise

The explosion of generative AI has sparked a wave of case studies showing how quickly and profoundly it is transforming businesses. Yet most of these use cases still apply the technology to enhancing existing systems. This book makes the case for why business leaders must revisit the fundamentals of generative AI and look beyond short-term, tact…

Artificial Intelligence Innovation
Axiom Business Book Awards 2026 – Emerging trends / AI category – silver medal
By Natarajan Balasubramanian, Ram Bala and Amit M. Joshi
Published by CRC Press, © 2025
The AI-centered enterprise
By Natarajan Balasubramanian Ram Bala and Amit M. Joshi
Published by CRC Press ©2025
Summary
The explosion of generative AI has sparked a wave of case studies showing how quickly and profoundly it is transforming businesses. Yet most of these use cases still apply the technology to enhancing existing systems. This book makes the case for why business leaders must revisit the fundamentals of generative AI and look beyond short-term, tact…
Axiom Business Book Awards 2026 – Emerging trends / AI category – silver medal
Copyright ©2025
Copyright owner External Copyright
Available Languages English
Contact

Research Information & Knowledge Hub for additional information on IMD publications